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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Classify ore samples and select fluxing method
  2. Prepare for precious metal recovery
  3. Recover precious metals from ore sample
  4. Troubleshoot and correct failed recovery
  5. Perform daily maintenance of assay equipment

Range Statement

This field allows for different work environments and conditions that may affect performance. Essential operating conditions that may be present (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) are included.

Standards, codes, procedures and/or workplace requirements

Standards, codes, procedures and/or workplace requirements include the latest version of one or more of:

Australian and international standards covering the requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories; laboratory safety; quality and environmental management; analysis of specific ores and determination of gold; and labelling, storage, handling and transport of hazardous materials

national work health and safety (WHS) standards and codes of practice, national environmental protection measures, and national measurement regulations and guidelines

specific codes, guidelines and procedures, such as National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) accreditation requirements, and principles of good laboratory practice (GLP)

workplace documents, such as standard operating procedures (SOPs); quality and equipment manuals; maintenance schedules; material safety data sheets (MSDS) and safety procedures; material, production and product specifications; production and laboratory schedules; workplace recording and reporting procedures; and waste minimisation and safe disposal procedures

recovery methods and procedures for specific samples, sites and clients (labelling, preparation, storage, transport and disposal), and published preparation methods

Samples

Samples include, but are not limited to, one or more of:

solids, such as rocks, minerals, soils, sands and stream sediments

core and other drill samples, such as rotary air blast (RAB), reverse circulation (RC) and aircore

slurries, powder concentrates and metallurgical solutions

dump samples and grab samples

Fluxes

Fluxes include, but are not limited to, one or more of:

bulk fluxes containing PbO, borax, soda ash, silica, silver nitrate and flour

non-standard flux additives such as:

flour (oxidising samples)

nitre (reducing samples, sulphides)

silica (basic ores)

PbO (siliceous ores)

exotic additives, such as calcium fluoride (CaF2) (refractory ores)

nickel sulphide (NiS), nickel carbonate (NiCO3), sulphur, borax and soda ash)

Sequencing of pots in a rack

Sequencing of pots in a rack includes one or more of:

addition of silver wire

addition of coloured salts, such as copper (Cu)

position of reagent blanks, standards and check samples

Collectors

Collectors include one or more of:

lead (Pb), nickel sulphide (NiS), bismuth (Bi) and tin (Sn)

Separation of collectors

Separation of collectors include one or more of:

cupellation

digestion

parting, annealing and weighing for a gravimetric finish

Waste

Waste includes, but is not limited to, one or more of:

rejected pots and cupels

slag and furnace material

disposable personal protective equipment

Hazards

Hazards include, but are not limited to, or more of:

dust, silica, slag, glass shards and molten flux

chemicals, such as hydrofluoric acid, bromine, perchloric acid, aqua regia, cyanide, lead-based compounds, free-mercury and nickel compounds

noise and vibration

crushing, entanglement and cuts associated with moving machinery

manual handling of hot/heavy loads, such as pots, racks and trolleys

heat exhaustion/stress and fatigue

Workplace safety procedures

Workplace safety procedures include, but are not limited to, one or more of:

ensuring access to service shut-off points, fire-extinguishers/fire hoses, safety showers/eye wash stations and a first aid station

recognising and observing hazard warnings and safety signs

labelling samples, reagents and hazardous materials

using direct extraction and fume hoods

providing guards for moving machinery parts

providing noise insulation

using personal protective equipment (PPE), such as dust masks, heat resistant mittens, safety face shields with tinted visor, coats, ear muffs, safety boots, heat-reflective clothing and latex gloves for flux handling

following established manual handling procedures

regularly cleaning equipment and work areas

reporting abnormal emissions, discharges and airborne contaminants, such as noise, light, solids, liquids, water/wastewater, gasses, smoke, vapour, fumes, odour and particulates, to appropriate personnel

WHS and environmental management requirements

WHS and environmental management requirements include:

· complying with WHS and environmental management requirements at all times, which may be imposed through state/territory or federal legislation. These requirements must not be compromised at any time

applying standard precautions relating to the potentially hazardous nature of samples


Performance Evidence

Evidence of competence in this unit must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria, and include demonstration of:

safely performing fire assay techniques to extract a range of precious metals from their host matrices in readiness for analysis on at least three (3) occasions

interpreting and closely following standard recovery methods

selecting and modifying laboratory methods to suit particular ores and to ensure total recovery

accurately weighing samples and flux components

maintaining close attention to technical and safety requirements in a physically demanding hazardous environment

maintaining sequential control of samples through all recovery stages

optimising work flow to ensure efficiency of recovery for multiple client samples

recognising and identifying the cause of non-acceptable received and fused samples, buttons and prills

identifying indicators of poor recovery and contamination

applying knowledge of mineral chemistry and fire assay techniques to solve recovery and contamination problems

keeping accurate and complete records, including:

pour sheets (date, time, client, pour number and preparation method)

number of pots, positions of sample, blank and check in rack

adjustments made to standard preparation methods for specific samples

analytical method

assay data

minimising rework, waste and environmental impacts

safely collecting and disposing of all waste responsibly

recognising hazards, using workplace safety procedures and safety equipment to work safely at all times.


Knowledge Evidence

Must provide evidence that demonstrates knowledge of:

chemical and physical principles relating to:

fusion of mineral ores

cupellation

parting and digestion processes

expected physical and chemical properties of materials at each recovery stage

standard methods for the fire assay of a range of precious metal ores relevant to job role

criteria for an 'acceptable' button, including:

one piece, mass >20g and <50g

malleable

separates cleanly from slag

free of undecomposed ore, matte and speiss

causes of contamination, including:

poorly made cupels

base metals (copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and bismuth (Bi))

arsenic (As), sulphur (S), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te) and chromium (Cr)

scoria

sprouting

indicators of potential loss and the corrective actions, including:

viscous slag (check furnace temperature, adjust flux and lower charge weight)

lead shotting (adjust flux and lower charge weight to compensate for high oxides, silicates and chromites)

sulphides (adjust fusion time and adjust sample weight and/or flux)

matte, speiss (adjust sample weight and flux)

incomplete fusion (adjust sample weight and/or flux)

unacceptable button (adjust sample weight and/or flux)

inquartation (add 3 parts silver (Ag) to prill, wrap in lead foil and re-cupel)

workplace safety procedures and operation of safety equipment

function and operation of assay/equipment used as part of job role

workplace and/or legal traceability requirements

relevant hazards, work health and safety (WHS) and environment requirements.